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12345678>| Characters | Pronunciation Romanization |
Simple Dictionary Definition |
天 see styles |
tiān tian1 t`ien tien hiroshi ひろし |
More info & calligraphy: Heaven(1) sky; (2) {Christn} heaven; (3) God; (4) {Buddh} svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); (5) {Buddh} deva (divine being of Buddhism); (6) top (of a book); (7) sole (of a Japanese sandal); (8) beginning; start; (9) (abbreviation) (See 天ぷら) tempura; (10) (abbreviation) (obsolete) (See 天竺・1) India; (given name) Hiroshi Heaven; the sky; a day; cf. dyo, dyaus also as 提婆 a deva, or divine being, deity; and as 素羅 sura, shining, bright. |
西 see styles |
xī xi1 hsi nishihama にしはま |
More info & calligraphy: West(1) {mahj} west wind tile; (2) {mahj} winning hand with a pung (or kong) of west wind tiles; (surname) Nishihama paścima, 跛室制麽; west; it is largely used in the limited sense of Kashmir in such terms as 西方 the west, or western regions; but it is also much used for the western heavens of Amitābha; 西天 is India, the western 天竺國. |
フリ see styles |
puri プリ |
More info & calligraphy: Huri |
ロニ see styles |
roni ロニ |
More info & calligraphy: Roni |
三国 see styles |
mikuni みくに |
(1) three countries; (2) (hist) (See 魏・ぎ・1,蜀・しょく・2,呉・ご・3) Three Kingdoms (in China, 220 CE-280 CE); (3) (hist) (See 新羅・しらぎ,百済・くだら,高句麗・こうくり) Three Kingdoms (in Korea, 57 BCE-668 CE); (4) (archaism) Japan, China and India; Japan, Korea and China; the whole world; (p,s,f) Mikuni |
中國 中国 see styles |
zhōng guó zhong1 guo2 chung kuo nakaguni なかぐに |
More info & calligraphy: China(surname) Nakaguni Madhyadesa. 中天 (中天竺); 中梵 The middle kingdom, i. e. Central North India, v. 中印. |
印度 see styles |
yìn dù yin4 du4 yin tu indo いんど |
More info & calligraphy: India(ateji / phonetic) (kana only) India; (place-name) India 印特伽; 身毒; 賢豆; 天竺 Indu (meaning 'moon' in Sanskrit), Hindu, Sindhu; see also 信度 and 閻浮 India in general. In the Tang dynasty its territory is described as extending over 90, 000 li in circuit, being bounded on three sides by the sea; north it rested on the Snow mountains 雪山, i. e. Himālayas; wide at the north, narrowing to the south, shaped like a half-moon; it contained over seventy kingdoms, was extremely hot, well watered and damp; from the centre eastwards to 震旦 China was 58, 000 li; and the same distance southwards to 金地國, westwards to 阿拘遮國, and northwards to 小香山阿耨達. |
德里 see styles |
dé lǐ de2 li3 te li |
More info & calligraphy: Derri |
禪宗 禅宗 see styles |
chán zōng chan2 zong1 ch`an tsung chan tsung Zenshū |
More info & calligraphy: Zen BuddhismThe Chan, meditative or intuitional, sect usually said to have been established in China by Bodhidharma, v. 達, the twenty-eighth patriarch, who brought the tradition of the Buddha-mind from India. Cf. 楞 13 Laṅkāvatāra sūtra. This sect, believing in direct enlightenment, disregarded ritual and sūtras and depended upon the inner light and personal influence for the propagation of its tenets, founding itself on the esoteric tradition supposed to have been imparted to Kāśyapa by the Buddha, who indicated his meaning by plucking a flower without further explanation. Kāśyapa smiled in apprehension and is supposed to have passed on this mystic method to the patriarchs. The successor of Bodhidharma was 慧可 Huike, and he was succeeded by 僧璨 Sengcan; 道信 Daoxin; 弘忍 Hongren; 慧能 Huineng, and 神秀 Shenxiu, the sect dividing under the two latter into the southern and northern schools: the southern school became prominent, producing 南嶽 Nanyue and 靑原 Qingyuan, the former succeeded by 馬祖 Mazu, the latter by 石頭 Shitou. From Mazu's school arose the five later schools, v. 禪門. |
老子 see styles |
lǎo zi lao3 zi5 lao tzu roushi / roshi ろうし |
More info & calligraphy: Lao Tzu / LaoziLaozi; Lao Tzu; Lao Tse; (person) Laozi (semi-legendary Chinese philosopher and deity); Lao Tzu; Lao Tse Laozi, or Laocius, the accepted founder of the Daoists. The theory that his soul went to India and was reborn as the Buddha is found in the 齊書 History of the Qi dynasty 顧歡傳. |
アラー see styles |
araa / ara アラー |
More info & calligraphy: Allah |
インド see styles |
indo インド |
More info & calligraphy: India |
カイラ see styles |
kaira カイラ |
More info & calligraphy: Kyra |
カシア see styles |
kashia カシア |
More info & calligraphy: Cassia |
コラル see styles |
koraru コラル |
More info & calligraphy: Corral |
タミル see styles |
tamiru タミル |
More info & calligraphy: Tamil |
テリー see styles |
derii / deri デリー |
More info & calligraphy: Terry |
モレナ see styles |
morena モレナ |
More info & calligraphy: Morena |
コーチン see styles |
koochin コーチン |
More info & calligraphy: Cochin |
バーラト see styles |
baarato / barato バーラト |
More info & calligraphy: Bharat |
バスティ see styles |
basuti バスティ |
More info & calligraphy: Basti |
ハッサン see styles |
hassan ハッサン |
More info & calligraphy: Hassan |
マンディ see styles |
mandi マンディ |
More info & calligraphy: Mandi |
マントラ see styles |
mandora マンドラ |
{Buddh} (See 真言・1) mantra (san:); (place-name) Mandla (India) |
卡利卡特 see styles |
kǎ lì kǎ tè ka3 li4 ka3 te4 k`a li k`a t`e ka li ka te |
More info & calligraphy: Callicutt |
波羅末陀 波罗末陀 see styles |
bō luó mò tuó bo1 luo2 mo4 tuo2 po lo mo t`o po lo mo to haramada |
More info & calligraphy: Paramartha |
訖里瑟拏 讫里瑟拏 see styles |
qì lǐ sèn á qi4 li3 sen4 a2 ch`i li sen a chi li sen a Kirishina |
More info & calligraphy: Krishna |
中印 see styles |
zhōng yìn zhong1 yin4 chung yin nakain なかいん |
China-India China and India; Sino-Indian; (place-name) Nakain Central India, i. e. of the 五印 five Indies, as mentioned by Xuanzang in the 西域記. |
天竺 see styles |
tiān zhú tian1 zhu2 t`ien chu tien chu tenjiku てんじく |
the Indian subcontinent (esp. in Tang or Buddhist context) (1) (obsolete) India; (2) (abbreviation) (See 天竺木綿) cotton sheeting; (prefix noun) (3) foreign; imported; (prefix noun) (4) ultra-spicy; extra hot; (place-name, surname) Tenjiku (天竺國) India; 竹 zhu is said to have the same sound as 篤 tu, suggesting a connection with the 度 tu in 印度 Indu; other forms are 身毒 Sindhu, Scinde; 賢豆 Hindu; and 印持伽羅. The term is explained by 月 moon, which is the meaning of Indu, but it is said to be so called because the sages of India illumine the rest of the world: or because of the half-moon shape of the land, which was supposed to be 90, 000 li in circumference, and placed among other kingdoms like the moon among the stars. Another name is 因陀羅婆他那 ? Indravadana, or Indrabhavana, the region where Indra dwells. A hill and monastery near Hangchow. |
印 see styles |
yìn yin4 yin in いん |
to print; to mark; to engrave; a seal; a print; a stamp; a mark; a trace; image (1) stamp; seal; chop; (2) seal impression; seal; sealing; stamp; mark; print; (3) {Buddh} mudra (symbolic hand gesture); (4) ninja hand sign; (5) (abbreviation) (See 印度・インド) India; (surname) In mudrā; seal, sign, symbol, emblem, proof, assurance, approve; also 印契; 契印; 印相. Manual signs indicative of various ideas, e. g. each finger represents one of the five primary elements, earth, water, fire, air, and space, beginning with the little finger; the left hand represents 定 stillness, or meditation, the right hand 慧 discernment or wisdom; they have also many other indications. Also, the various symbols of the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, e. g. the thunderbolt; cf. 因.; (度) The five Indias, or five regions of India, idem 五天竺 q. v. |
河 see styles |
hé he2 ho ha は |
river (CL:條|条[tiao2],道[dao4]); (bound form) the Yellow River; (bound form) the Milky Way; (bound form) (on restaurant menus) rice noodles 河粉[he2fen3] {mahj} discarded tiles (chi:); discards; (surname) Ha River (in north), canal (in south), especially the Yellow River in China and the Ganges 恒河in India. |
竺 see styles |
dǔ du3 tu chiku ちく |
variant of 篤|笃[du3] (surname) Chiku Indian. 竺土; 天竺; 竺India. |
こあ see styles |
goa ゴア |
(See ゴアードスカート) gore; triangular piece of fabric, used for making skirts, umbrellas, etc.; (place-name) Goa (India); Gore |
コタ see styles |
kota コタ |
(place-name) Kota (India) |
まう see styles |
mau マウ |
(aux-v,v5u) (osb:) (after the -te form of a verb, indicates completion (and sometimes reluctance, accidentality, regret, etc.)) (See 仕舞う・4) to finish ...; to do ... completely; (place-name) Mau; Mhow (India) |
マエ see styles |
mae マエ |
(place-name) Mahe (India) |
レー see styles |
ree レー |
(place-name) Leh (India); (given name) Ray; Rais; Re; Ree; Reeh |
レワ see styles |
rewa レワ |
(place-name) Rewa (India) |
一夏 see styles |
yī xià yi1 xia4 i hsia hitoka ひとか |
{Buddh} (See 安居・あんご) one summer (during which a monk attends a summer retreat); (female given name) Hitoka The summer retreat in India of, 90 days, from the 16th of the 4th moon to the 15th of the 7th; v. 雨. |
不空 see styles |
bù kōng bu4 kong1 pu k`ung pu kung fukuu / fuku ふくう |
(given name, person) Fukuu Amogha, Amoghavajra. 不空三藏; 智藏; 阿目佉跋折羅 Not empty (or not in vain) vajra. The famous head of the Yogācāra school in China. A Singhalese of northern brahmanic descent, having lost his father, he came at the age of 15 with his uncle to 東海, the eastern sea, or China, where in 718 he became a disciple of 金剛智 Vajrabodhi. After the latter's death in 732, and at his wish, Eliot says in 741, he went to India and Ceylon in search of esoteric or tantric writings, and returned in 746, when he baptized the emperor Xuan Tsung. He was especially noted for rain-making and stilling storms. In 749 he received permission to return home, but was stopped by imperial orders when in the south of China. In ?756 under Su Tsung he was recalled to the capital. His time until 771 was spent translating and editing tantric books in 120 volumes, and the Yogacara 密教 rose to its peak of prosperity. He died greatly honoured at 70 years of age, in 774, the twelfth year of Tai Tsung, the third emperor under whom he had served. The festival of feeding the hungry spirits 孟蘭勝會 is attributed to him. His titles of 智藏 and 不空三藏 are Thesaurus of Wisdom and Amogha Tripitaka. |
中天 see styles |
zhōng tiān zhong1 tian1 chung t`ien chung tien chuuten / chuten ちゅうてん |
culmination (astronomy) mid-air; mid-heaven; zenith (中天竺) Central North India, idem 中國. |
中梵 see styles |
zhōng fàn zhong1 fan4 chung fan Chūbon |
Central North India, idem 中國. |
中華 中华 see styles |
zhōng huá zhong1 hua2 chung hua chuuka / chuka ちゅうか |
China (alternate formal name) (1) (usu. in compounds) China; (2) (abbreviation) (See 中華料理) Chinese food; (surname) Chuuka [Central India] |
互跪 see styles |
hù guì hu4 gui4 hu kuei goki |
Kneeling with both knees at once, as in India; in China the left knee is first placed on the ground; also 互胡跪. |
五天 see styles |
wǔ tiān wu3 tian1 wu t`ien wu tien goten ごてん |
(surname) Goten 五天竺; The five regions of India, north, south, east, west, and central; v. 西域記.; （五天子) Five devas in the Garbhadhātumaṇḍala located in the north-east. Also 五乘居天 (or 五乘居衆 ); 五那含天子. |
五山 see styles |
wǔ shān wu3 shan1 wu shan goyama ごやま |
(rare) five most important temples of a region; (surname) Goyama Five mountains and monasteries: (1) in India, sacred because of their connection with the Buddha: 鞞婆羅跋怒 Vaibhāra-vana; 薩多般那求呵 Saptaparṇaguhā; 因陀羅勢羅求呵 Indraśailaguhā; 薩簸恕魂直迦鉢婆羅 Sarpiṣ kuṇḍikā-prāgbhāra; 耆闍崛 Gṛdhrakūṭa; (2) in China, established during the Five Dynasties and the Southern Sung dynasty, on the analogy of those in India; three at Hangzhou at 徑山 Jingshan, 北山 Beishan, and 南山 Nanshan and two at Ningbo at 阿育王山 King Aśoka Shan and 太白山 Taiboshan. Later the Yuan dynasty established one at 全陵 Chin Ling, the 天界大龍翔隻慶寺 which became chief of these under the Ming dynasty. |
五明 see styles |
wǔ míng wu3 ming2 wu ming gomei / gome ごめい |
(hist) the five sciences of ancient India (grammar and composition, arts and mathematics, medicine, logic, and philosophy); (surname) Gomei pañca-vidyā, the five sciences or studies of India: (1) śabda, grammar and composition; śilpakarmasthāna, the arts and mathematics; cikitsā, medicine; hetu, logic; adhyātma, philosophy, which Monier Williams says is the 'knoowledge of the supreme spirit, or of ātman', the basis of the four Vedas; the Buddhists reckon the Tripiṭṭaka and the 十二部教 as their 内明, i. e. their inner or special philosophy. |
仁王 see styles |
rén wáng ren2 wang2 jen wang niwa にわ |
the two guardian Deva kings; (personal name) Niwa The benevolent king, Buddha; the name Śākya is intp. as 能仁 able in generosity. Also an ancient king, probably imaginary, of the 'sixteen countries' of India, for whom the Buddha is said to have dictated the 仁王經, a sutra with two principal translations into Chinese, the first by Kumārajīva styled 仁王般若經 or 佛說仁王般若波羅蜜經 without magical formulae, the second by Amogha (不空) styled 仁王護國般若波羅蜜經, etc., into which the magical formulae were introduced; these were for royal ceremonials to protect the country from all kinds of calamities and induce prosperity. |
佛土 see styles |
fó tǔ fo2 tu3 fo t`u fo tu butsudo |
buddhakṣetra. 佛國; 紇差怛羅; 差多羅; 刹怛利耶; 佛刹 The land or realm of a Buddha. The land of the Buddha's birth, India. A Buddha-realm in process of transformation, or transformed. A spiritual Buddha-realm. The Tiantai Sect evolved the idea of four spheres: (1) 同居之國土 Where common beings and saints dwell together, divided into (a) a realm where all beings are subject to transmigration and (b) the Pure Land. (2) 方便有餘土 or 變易土 The sphere where beings are still subject to higher forms of transmigration, the abode of Hīnayāna saints, i.e. srota-āpanna 須陀洹; sakṛdāgāmin 斯陀含; anāgāmin 阿那含; arhat 阿羅漢. (3) 實報無障礙 Final unlimited reward, the Bodhisattva realm. (4) 常寂光土 Where permanent tranquility and enlightenment reign, Buddha-parinirvāṇa. |
佛影 see styles |
fó yǐng fo2 ying3 fo ying butsuyō |
buddhachāyā; the shadow of Buddha, formerly exhibited in various places in India, visible only to those "of pure mind". |
佛陀 see styles |
fó tuó fo2 tuo2 fo t`o fo to budda |
Buddha (a person who has attained Buddhahood, or specifically Siddhartha Gautama) v. 佛 There are numerous monks from India and Central Asia bearing this as part of their names. |
信度 see styles |
xìn dù xin4 du4 hsin tu Shindo |
Sindhu, Sindh, Scinde, 辛頭 the country of 信度河 the Indus, one of the 'four great rivers.' Sindhu is a general name for India, but refers especially to the kingdom along the banks of the river Indus, whose capital was Vichavapura. |
八水 see styles |
bā shuǐ ba1 shui3 pa shui hassui |
Eight rivers of India—Ganges, Jumna, 薩羅? Sarasvatī, Hiraṇyavatī or Ajiravatī, 魔河? Mahī, Indus, Oxus, and Sītā. |
六難 六难 see styles |
liun án liun4 an2 liun an rokunan |
The six difficult things— to be born in a Buddha-age, to hear the true Buddha-law, to beget a good heart, to be born in the central kingdom (India), to be born in human form, and to be perfect; see, Nirvana Sutra 23. |
内明 see styles |
mitsuaki みつあき |
{Buddh} (See 五明) adhyatma vidya (one of the five sciences of ancient India); science of spirituality; (personal name) Mitsuaki |
南天 see styles |
nán tiān nan2 tian1 nan t`ien nan tien misora みそら |
(1) (See 北天) southern sky; (2) (kana only) heavenly bamboo (Nandina domestica); nandina; (female given name) Misora (南天竺) Southern India. |
南羅 南罗 see styles |
nán luó nan2 luo2 nan lo Nanra |
Southern Lāra; Mālava, an ancient kingdom in Central India; head quarters of heretical in the present Malwa. |
印パ see styles |
inpa いんパ |
(noun - becomes adjective with の) India and Pakistan; Indian-Pakistani |
印土 see styles |
yìn tǔ yin4 tu3 yin t`u yin tu Indo |
idem 印度 India. |
印域 see styles |
yìn yù yin4 yu4 yin yü iniki |
The territory of India. |
印巴 see styles |
yìn bā yin4 ba1 yin pa |
India and Pakistan |
印欧 see styles |
inou / ino いんおう |
(n,adj-f) India and Europe; Indo-European |
印航 see styles |
yìn háng yin4 hang2 yin hang |
Air India (abbr.) |
取經 取经 see styles |
qǔ jīng qu3 jing1 ch`ü ching chü ching |
to journey to India on a quest for the Buddhist scriptures; to learn by studying another's experience |
吠舎 see styles |
baisha; aisha バイシャ; ヴァイシャ |
(kana only) Vaishya; Vaisya (member of India's merchant-and-farmer caste) |
唐僧 see styles |
táng sēng tang2 seng1 t`ang seng tang seng |
Xuanzang (602-664) Tang dynasty Buddhist monk and translator, who traveled to India 629-645 |
土邦 see styles |
tǔ bāng tu3 bang1 t`u pang tu pang |
native state (term used by British Colonial power to refer to independent states of India or Africa) |
墨書 see styles |
bokusho ぼくしょ |
(noun, transitive verb) writing in India ink |
墨汁 see styles |
mò zhī mo4 zhi1 mo chih bokujuu / bokuju ぼくじゅう |
prepared Chinese ink (1) India ink; China ink; (2) ink (of a cuttlefish, etc.) |
墨液 see styles |
hakueki はくえき |
(See 墨汁・1) India ink; China ink |
墨画 see styles |
bokuga ぼくが |
India-ink drawing |
夏中 see styles |
xià zhōng xia4 zhong1 hsia chung natsunaka なつなか |
(archaism) midsummer; height of summer; (place-name) Natsunaka During the summer, the middle of the summer; the rainy reason spent by the monks of India in retirement. |
天帝 see styles |
tiān dì tian1 di4 t`ien ti tien ti tentei / tente てんてい |
God of heaven; Celestial emperor (1) Shangdi (supreme deity in ancient Chinese religion); (2) {Christn} God; (3) {Buddh} (See 帝釈天・たいしゃくてん) Shakra (king of heaven in Hindu mythology); Indra King, or emperor of Heaven, i. e. 因陀羅 Indra, i. e. 釋 (釋迦); 釋迦婆; 帝 (帝釋); Śakra, king of the devaloka 忉利天, one of the ancient gods of India, the god of the sky who fights the demons with his vajra, or thunderbolt. He is inferior to the trimūrti, Brahma, Viṣṇu, and Śiva, having taken the place of Varuṇa, or sky. Buddhism adopted him as its defender, though, like all the gods, he is considered inferior to a Buddha or any who have attained bodhi. His wife is Indrāṇī. |
天根 see styles |
tiān gēn tian1 gen1 t`ien ken tien ken tenne てんね |
(personal name) Tenne The phallic emblem of Śiva, which Xuanzang found in the temples of India; he says the Hindus 'worship it without being ashamed'. |
天督 see styles |
tiān dū tian1 du1 t`ien tu tien tu Tentoku |
Tiandu, an erroneous form of 天竺, or 印度 Yindu, India. |
天神 see styles |
tiān shén tian1 shen2 t`ien shen tien shen tenjin てんじん |
god; deity (1) (also pronounced てんしん) heavenly god; heavenly gods; (2) spirit of Sugawara no Michizane; (3) (See 天満宮) Tenmangu shrine (dedicated to Michizane's spirit); (4) (colloquialism) (See 梅干し) pit of a dried plum; dried plum; (5) (abbreviation) (See 天神髷) tenjin hairstyle; (6) prostitute of the second-highest class (Edo period); (7) (See 転軫) tuning peg (on a biwa or shamisen); (place-name, surname) Tenjin deva 提婆 or devatā 泥縛多. (1) Brahma and the gods in general, including the inhabitants of the devalokas, all subject to metem-psychosis. (2) The fifteenth patriarch, a native of South India, or Ceylon and disciple of Nāgārjuna; he is also styled Devabodhisattva 提婆菩薩, Āryadeva 聖天, and Nilanetra 靑目 blue-eyed, or 分別明 clear discriminator. He was the author of nine works and a famous antagonist of Brahmanism. |
孟買 孟买 see styles |
mèng mǎi meng4 mai3 meng mai munbai ムンバイ |
Mumbai (formerly Bombay) (place-name) Mumbai (India) |
安居 see styles |
ān jū an1 ju1 an chü yasuoki やすおき |
to settle down; to live peacefully (n,vs,vi) {Buddh} varsika (meditation retreat; usu. for 90 days starting on the 15th day of the 4th month of the lunisolar calendar); (given name) Yasuoki Tranquil dwelling. varṣā, varṣās, or varṣāvasāna. A retreat during the three months of the Indian rainy season, and also, say some, in the depth of winter. During the rains it was 'difficult to move without injuring insect life'. But the object was for study and meditation. In Tokhara the retreat is said to have been in winter, from the middle of the 12th to the middle of the 3rd moon; in India from the middle of the 5th to the 8th, or the 6th to the 9th moons; usually from Śrāvaṇa, Chinese 5th moon, to Aśvayuja, Chinese 8th moon; but the 16th of the 4th to the 15th of the 7th moon has been the common period in China and Japan. The two annual periods are sometimes called 坐 夏 and 坐 臘 sitting or resting for the summer and for the end of the year. The period is divided into three sections, former, middle, and latter, each of a month. |
安慧 see styles |
ān huì an1 hui4 an hui anne あんね |
(female given name) Anne Settled or firm resolve on wisdom; established wisdom; tr. of 悉耻羅末底 Sthiramati, or Sthitamati, one of the ten great exponents of the 唯識論 Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi śāstra, a native of southern India. |
宗派 see styles |
zōng pài zong1 pai4 tsung p`ai tsung pai shuuha / shuha しゅうは |
sect (1) sect; denomination; (2) school (e.g. of poetry) Sects (of Buddhism). In India, according to Chinese accounts, the two schools of Hīnayāna became divided into twentysects. Mahāyāna had two main schools, the Mādhyamika, ascribed to Nāgārjunaand Āryadeva about the second century A. D., and the Yogācārya, ascribed toAsaṅga and Vasubandhu in the fourth century A. D. In China thirteen sectswere founded: (1) 倶舍宗 Abhidharma or Kośa sect, representing Hīnayāna,based upon the Abhidharma-kosa-śāstra or 倶舍論. (2) 成實宗 Satyasiddhi sect, based on the 成實論 Satyasiddhi-śāstra,tr. by Kumārajīva; no sect corresponds to it in India; in China and Japan itbecame incorporated in the 三論宗. (3) 律宗 Vinaya or Discipline sect, basedon 十誦律, 四分律, 僧祗律, etc. (4) 三論宗 The three śāstra sect, based on theMādhyamika-śāstra 中觀論 of Nāgārjuna, theSata-śāstra 百論 of Āryadeva, and theDvādasa-nikāya-śāstra 十二門論 of Nāgārjuna; this schooldates back to the translation of the three śāstras by Kumārajīva in A. D. 409. (5) 涅槃宗 Nirvāṇasect, based upon the Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra 涅槃經 tr. byDharmaraksa in 423; later incorporated in Tiantai, with which it had much incommon. (6) 地論宗 Daśabhūmikā sect, based on Vasubandhu's work on the tenstages of the bodhisattva's path to Buddhahood, tr. by Bodhiruci 508,absorbed by the Avataṃsaka school, infra. (7) 淨土宗 Pure-land or Sukhāvatīsect, founded in China by Bodhiruci; its doctrine was salvation throughfaith in Amitābha into the Western Paradise. (8) 禪宗 dhyāna, meditative or intuitional sect, attributed toBodhidharma about A. D. 527, but it existed before he came to China. (9) 攝論宗, based upon the 攝大乘論 Mahāyāna-saṃparigraha-śāstra byAsaṅga, tr. by Paramārtha in 563, subsequently absorbed by the Avataṃsakasect. (10) 天台宗 Tiantai, based on the 法華經 SaddharmapuṇḍarīkaSūtra, or the Lotus of the Good Law; it is aconsummation of the Mādhyamika tradition. (11) 華嚴宗 Avataṃsaka sect, basedon the Buddhāvataṃsaka-sūtra, or Gandha-vyūha 華嚴經 tr. in 418. (12) 法相宗 Dharmalakṣaṇa sect, established after thereturn of Xuanzang from India and his trans. of the important Yogācāryaworks. (13) 眞言宗 Mantra sect, A. D. 716. In Japan twelve sects are named:Sanron, Hossō, Kegon, Kusha, Jōjitsu, Ritsu, Tendai, Shingon; these areknown as the ancient sects, the two last being styled mediaeval; therefollow the Zen and Jōdo; the remaining two are Shin and Nichiren; at presentthere are the Hossō, Kegon, Tendai, Shingon, Zen, Jōdo, Shin, and Nichirensects. |
室星 see styles |
shì xīng shi4 xing1 shih hsing murohoshi むろほし |
(surname) Murohoshi The Revatī constellation in India. that of the 'house' or the thirteenth constellation in China. |
寶雲 宝云 see styles |
bǎo yún bao3 yun2 pao yün houun / houn ほううん |
(personal name) Houun Baoyun, a monk of 涼州 Liangzhou, who travelled to India, circa A.D. 397, returned to Chang'an, and died 449 aged 74. |
小乘 see styles |
xiǎo shèng xiao3 sheng4 hsiao sheng shōjō |
Hinayana, the Lesser Vehicle; Buddhism in India before the Mayahana sutras; also pr. [Xiao3 cheng2] Hīnayāna 希那衍. The small, or inferior wain, or vehicle; the form of Buddhism which developed after Śākyamuni's death to about the beginning of the Christian era, when Mahāyāna doctrines were introduced. It is the orthodox school and more in direct line with the Buddhist succession than Mahāyānism which developed on lines fundamentally different. The Buddha was a spiritual doctor, less interested in philosophy than in the remedy for human misery and perpetual transmigration. He "turned aside from idle metaphysical speculations; if he held views on such topics, he deemed them valueless for the purposes of salvation, which was his goal" (Keith). Metaphysical speculations arose after his death, and naturally developed into a variety of Hīnayāna schools before and after the separation of a distinct school of Mahāyāna. Hīnayāna remains the form in Ceylon, Burma, and Siam, hence is known as Southern Buddhism in contrast with Northern Buddhism or Mahāyāna, the form chiefly prevalent from Nepal to Japan. Another rough division is that of Pali and Sanskrit, Pali being the general literary language of the surviving form of Hīnayāna, Sanskrit of Mahāyāna. The term Hīnayāna is of Mahāyānist origination to emphasize the universalism and altruism of Mahāyāna over the narrower personal salvation of its rival. According to Mahāyāna teaching its own aim is universal Buddhahood, which means the utmost development of wisdom and the perfect transformation of all the living in the future state; it declares that Hīnayāna, aiming at arhatship and pratyekabuddhahood, seeks the destruction of body and mind and extinction in nirvāṇa. For arhatship the 四諦Four Noble Truths are the foundation teaching, for pratyekabuddhahood the 十二因緣 twelve-nidānas, and these two are therefore sometimes styled the two vehicles 二乘. Tiantai sometimes calls them the (Hīnayāna) Tripiṭaka school. Three of the eighteen Hīnayāna schools were transported to China: 倶舍 (Abhidharma) Kośa; 成實 Satya-siddhi; and the school of Harivarman, the律 Vinaya school. These are described by Mahāyānists as the Buddha's adaptable way of meeting the questions and capacity of his hearers, though his own mind is spoken of as always being in the absolute Mahāyāna all-embracing realm. Such is the Mahāyāna view of Hīnayāna, and if the Vaipulya sūtras and special scriptures of their school, which are repudiated by Hīnayāna, are apocryphal, of which there seems no doubt, then Mahāyāna in condemning Hīnayāna must find other support for its claim to orthodoxy. The sūtras on which it chiefly relies, as regards the Buddha, have no authenticity; while those of Hīnayāna cannot be accepted as his veritable teaching in the absence of fundamental research. Hīnayāna is said to have first been divided into minority and majority sections immediately after the death of Śākyamuni, when the sthāvira, or older disciples, remained in what is spoken of as "the cave", some place at Rājagṛha, to settle the future of the order, and the general body of disciples remained outside; these two are the first 上坐部 and 大衆部 q. v. The first doctrinal division is reported to have taken place under the leadership of the monk 大天 Mahādeva (q.v.) a hundred years after the Buddha's nirvāṇa and during the reign of Aśoka; his reign, however, has been placed later than this by historians. Mahādeva's sect became the Mahāsāṅghikā, the other the Sthāvira. In time the two are said to have divided into eighteen, which with the two originals are the so-called "twenty sects" of Hīnayāna. Another division of four sects, referred to by Yijing, is that of the 大衆部 (Arya) Mahāsaṅghanikāya, 上座部 Āryasthavirāḥ, 根本說一切有部 Mūlasarvāstivādaḥ, and 正量部 Saṃmatīyāḥ. There is still another division of five sects, 五部律. For the eighteen Hīnayāna sects see 小乘十八部. |
布史 see styles |
bù shǐ bu4 shi3 pu shih fushi |
pausa, the 10th month in India. |
彌勒 弥勒 see styles |
mí lè mi2 le4 mi le miroku みろく |
Maitreya, the future Bodhisattva, to come after Shakyamuni Buddha (surname) Miroku Maitreya, friendly, benevolent. The Buddhist Messiah, or next Buddha, now in the Tuṣita heaven, who is to come 5,000 years after the nirvāṇa of Śākyamuni, or according to other reckoning after 4,000 heavenly years, i.e. 5,670,000,000 human years. According to tradition he was born in Southern India of a Brahman family. His two epithets are 慈氏 Benevolent, and Ajita 阿逸多 'Invincible'. He presides over the spread of the church, protects its members and will usher in ultimate victory for Buddhism. His image is usually in the hall of the four guardians facing outward, where he is represented as the fat laughing Buddha, but in some places his image is tall, e.g. in Peking in the Yung Ho Kung. Other forms are彌帝M075962; 迷諦隸; 梅低梨; 梅怛麗 (梅怛藥 or 梅怛邪); 每怛哩; 昧怛 M067070曳; 彌羅. There are numerous Maitreya sūtras. |
德干 see styles |
dé gān de2 gan1 te kan |
Deccan (India) |
慧日 see styles |
huì rì hui4 ri4 hui jih enichi えにち |
{Buddh} sun of wisdom; Buddha's or Bodhisattva's limitless light of wisdom; (given name) Enichi Wisdom-sun, Buddha-wisdom. Huiri, a celebrated Tang monk and author (disciple of Yijing) who also went on pilgrimage to India and spent thirteen years there, died A.D. 748; entitled 慈愍三藏. |
慧超 see styles |
huì chāo hui4 chao1 hui ch`ao hui chao echou / echo えちょう |
(personal name) Echō Huichao, a monk who travelled in India. |
日印 see styles |
nichiin / nichin にちいん |
Japan and India; Japanese-Indian |
月支 see styles |
yuè zhī yue4 zhi1 yüeh chih Gasshi げっし |
the Yuezhi, an ancient people of central Asia during the Han dynasty (also written 月氏[Yue4 zhi1]) Yuezhi; Rouzhi; an ancient Central Asian people (月支國) The Yuezhi, or 'Indo-Scythians', 月氏 (國) and a country they at one time occupied, i. e. 都貨羅 Tukhara, Tokharestan, or Badakshan. Driven out from the northern curve of the Yellow River by the Huns, circa 165 B. C., they conquered Bactria 大夏, the Punjab, Kashmir, 'and the greater part of India. ' Their expulsion from the north of Shansi was the cause of the famous journey of Zhangqian of the Han dynasty and the beginning of Chinese expansion to the north-west. Kanishka, king of the Yuezhi towards the end of the first century A. D., became the great protector and propagator of Buddhism. |
月種 月种 see styles |
yuè zhǒng yue4 zhong3 yüeh chung gasshu |
Candravaṃśa, descendants of the moon, 'the lunar race of kings or the second great line of Kṣatriya or royal dynasties in India. ' M. W. |
末田 see styles |
mò tián mo4 tian2 mo t`ien mo tien matsuda まつだ |
(place-name, surname) Matsuda Madhyāntika, 末田地 (末田地那); 末田底加, 末田提; 末田鐸迦; 末彈地; 末闡地 or a 摩 is also used for 末. It is tr. by 中; 日中, 水中河中, and 金地. One of the two chief disciples of Ānanda, to whom he handed down the Buddha's doctrine. He is reputed to have been sent to convert 罽賓 Kashmir, the other, 商那和修 Śāṇakavāsa, to convert 中國 which is probably Central India, though it is understood as China. Another account makes the latter a disciple of the former. Eitel says that by his magic power he transported a sculptor to the Tuṣita heavens to obtain a correct image of Maitreya. |
梵僧 see styles |
fàn sēng fan4 seng1 fan seng bonsou / bonso ぼんそう |
{Buddh} monk (esp. one who maintains his purity) A monk from India. Also a monk who maintains his purity. |
梵土 see styles |
fàn tǔ fan4 tu3 fan t`u fan tu bondo |
brahman-land, India. |
梵天 see styles |
fàn tiān fan4 tian1 fan t`ien fan tien bonten ぼんてん |
Nirvana (in Buddhist scripture); Lord Brahma (the Hindu Creator) (1) Brahma (Hindu creator god); (2) (See 御幣) large staff with plaited paper streamers (used at religious festivals or as a sign); (3) buoy (used in longline fishing, gillnetting, etc.); (4) down puff (on the end of an ear pick); (given name) Bonten Brahmadeva. Brahmā, the ruler of this world. India. brahmaloka, the eighteen heavens of the realm of form, divided into four dhyāna regions (sixteen heavens in Southern Buddhism). The first three contain the 梵衆天 assembly of brahmadevas, i.e. the brahmakāyika; the 梵輔天 brahmspurohitas, retinue of Brahmā; and 大梵天 Mahābrahman, Brahman himself. |
梵字 see styles |
fàn zì fan4 zi4 fan tzu bonji ぼんじ |
script used to write Sanskrit (esp. Siddham); (given name) Bonji Brahma letters; saṃskṛtam; Sanskrit: also梵書 The classical Aryan language of India, systematized by scholars, in contradistinction to prākrit, representing the languages as ordinarily spoken. With the exception of a few ancient translations probably from Pali versions, most of the original texts used in China were Sanskrit. Various alphabets have been introduced into China for transliterating Indian texts, the devanāgarī alphabet, which was introduced via Tibet, is still used on charms and in sorcery. Pali is considered by some Chinese writers to be more ancient than Sanskrit both as a written and spoken language. |
梵本 see styles |
fàn běn fan4 ben3 fan pen bonpon; bonbon ぼんぽん; ぼんぼん |
book in Sanskrit characters (e.g. scripture); book from India Sutras in the Indian language. |
梵語 梵语 see styles |
fàn yǔ fan4 yu3 fan yü bongo ぼんご |
Sanskrit (language) (See サンスクリット語) Sanskrit Brahma language, Sanskrit, the Sanskrit alphabet; 'the language of India'; supposed to come from Brahmā. |
沙門 沙门 see styles |
shā mén sha1 men2 sha men shamon しゃもん |
monk (Sanskrit: Sramana, originally refers to north India); Buddhist monk {Buddh} shramana (wandering monk); (surname) Shamon śramaṇa. 桑門; 娑門; 喪門; 沙門那; 舍羅磨拏; 沙迦懣曩; 室摩那拏 (1) Ascetics of all kinds; 'the Sarmanai, or Samanaioi, or Germanai of the Greeks, perhaps identical also with the Tungusian Saman or Shaman.' Eitel. (2) Buddhist monks 'who 'have left their families and quitted the passions', the Semnoi of the Greeks'. Eitel. Explained by 功勞 toilful achievement, 勤息 diligent quieting (of the mind and the passions), 淨志 purity of mind, 貧道 poverty. 'He must keep well the Truth, guard well every uprising (of desire), be uncontaminated by outward attractions, be merciful to all and impure to none, be not elated to joy nor harrowed by distress, and able to bear whatever may come.' The Sanskrit root is śram, to make effort; exert oneself, do austerities. |
法顯 法显 see styles |
fǎ xiǎn fa3 xian3 fa hsien hokken ほっけん |
(personal name) Hokken Faxian, the famous pilgrim who with fellow-monks left Chang'an A.D. 399 overland for India, finally reached it, remained alone for six years, and spent three years on the return journey, arriving by sea in 414. His 佛國記 Records of the Buddhistic Kingdoms were made, for his information, by Buddhabhadra, an Indian monk in China. His own chief translation is the 僧祗律, a work on monastic discipline. |
Entries with 2nd row of characters: The 2nd row is Simplified Chinese.
This page contains 100 results for "India" in Chinese and/or Japanese.Information about this dictionary:
Apparently, we were the first ones who were crazy enough to think that western people might want a combined Chinese, Japanese, and Buddhist dictionary.
A lot of westerners can't tell the difference between Chinese and Japanese - and there is a reason for that. Chinese characters and even whole words were borrowed by Japan from the Chinese language in the 5th century. Much of the time, if a word or character is used in both languages, it will have the same or a similar meaning. However, this is not always true. Language evolves, and meanings independently change in each language.
Example: The Chinese character 湯 for soup (hot water) has come to mean bath (hot water) in Japanese. They have the same root meaning of "hot water", but a 湯屋 sign on a bathhouse in Japan would lead a Chinese person to think it was a "soup house" or a place to get a bowl of soup. See this: Japanese Bath House
This dictionary uses the EDICT and CC-CEDICT dictionary files.
EDICT data is the property of the Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, and is used in conformance with the Group's
license.
Chinese Buddhist terms come from Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms by William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous. This is commonly referred to as "Soothill's'". It was first published in 1937 (and is now off copyright so we can use it here). Some of these definitions may be misleading, incomplete, or dated, but 95% of it is good information. Every professor who teaches Buddhism or Eastern Religion has a copy of this on their bookshelf. We incorporated these 16,850 entries into our dictionary database ourselves (it was lot of work).
Combined, these cover 1,007,753 Japanese, Chinese, and Buddhist characters, words, idioms, names, placenames, and short phrases.
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No warranty as to the correctness, potential vulgarity, or clarity is expressed or implied. We did not write any of these definitions (though we occasionally act as a contributor/editor to the CC-CEDICT project). You are using this dictionary for free, and you get what you pay for.
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